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We optimize the Age of Information (AoI) in mobile networks using theage-threshold slotted ALOHA (TSA) protocol. The network comprises multiplesource-destination pairs, where each source sends a sequence of status updatepackets to its destination over a shared spectrum. The TSA protocol stipulatesthat a source node must remain silent until its AoI reaches a predefinedthreshold, after which the node accesses the radio channel with a certainprobability. Using stochastic geometry tools, we derive analytical expressionsfor the transmission success probability, mean peak AoI, and time-average AoI.Subsequently, we obtain closed-form expressions for the optimal update rate andage threshold that minimize the mean peak and time-average AoI, respectively.In addition, we establish a scaling law for the mean peak AoI and time-averageAoI in mobile networks, revealing that the optimal mean peak AoI andtime-average AoI increase linearly with the deployment density. Notably, thegrowth rate of time-average AoI under TSA is half of that under conventionalslotted ALOHA. When considering the optimal mean peak AoI, the TSA protocolexhibits comparable performance to the traditional slotted ALOHA protocol.These findings conclusively affirm the advantage of TSA in reducinghigher-order AoI, particularly in densely deployed networks.

Age-Threshold Slotted ALOHA for Optimizing Information Freshness in Mobile Networks