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Light pollution is recognized as a global issue that, like other forms ofanthropogenic pollution, has significant impact on ecosystems and adverseeffects on living organisms. Multiple evidence suggests that it has beenincreasing at an unprecedented rate at all spatial scales. Chile, which thanksto its unique environmental conditions has become one of the most prominentastronomical hubs of the world, seems to be no exception. In this paper wepresent the results of the first observing campaign aimed at quantifying theeffects of artificial lights at night (ALAN) on the brightness and colors ofChilean sky. Through the analysis of photometrically calibrated all-sky imagescaptured at four representative sites with an increasing degree ofanthropization, and the comparison with state-of-the-art numerical models, weshow that significant levels of light pollution have already altered theappearance of the natural sky even in remote areas. Our observations revealthat the light pollution level recorded in a small town of the Coquimbo Regionis comparable with that of Flagstaff, a ten times larger Dark Sky city, andthat a mid-size urban area door to the Atacama Desert displays photometricindicators of night sky quality that are typical of the most densely populatedregions of Europe. Our results suggest that there is still much to be done inChile to keep the light pollution phenomenon under control and thus preservethe darkness of its night sky - a natural and cultural heritage that is ourresponsibility to protect.

Towards a Spectro-Photometric Characterization of the Chilean Night Sky. A first quantitative assessment of ALAN across the Coquimbo Region