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Since September 2023, the Digital Services Act (DSA) obliges large onlineplatforms to submit detailed data on each moderation action they take withinthe European Union (EU) to the DSA Transparency Database. From its inception,this centralized database has sparked scholarly interest as an unprecedentedand potentially unique trove of data on real-world online moderation. Here, wethoroughly analyze all 353.12M records submitted by the eight largest socialmedia platforms in the EU during the first 100 days of the database.Specifically, we conduct a platform-wise comparative study of their: volume ofmoderation actions, grounds for decision, types of applied restrictions, typesof moderated content, timeliness in undertaking and submitting moderationactions, and use of automation. Furthermore, we systematically cross-check thecontents of the database with the platforms' own transparency reports. Ouranalyses reveal that (i) the platforms adhered only in part to the philosophyand structure of the database, (ii) the structure of the database is partiallyinadequate for the platforms' reporting needs, (iii) the platforms exhibitedsubstantial differences in their moderation actions, (iv) a remarkable fractionof the database data is inconsistent, (v) the platform X (formerly Twitter)presents the most inconsistencies. Our findings have far-reaching implicationsfor policymakers and scholars across diverse disciplines. They offer guidancefor future regulations that cater to the reporting needs of online platforms ingeneral, but also highlight opportunities to improve and refine the databaseitself.

The DSA Transparency Database: Auditing Self-reported Moderation Actions by Social Media