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The resilience of internet service is crucial for ensuring consistentcommunication, facilitating emergency response in digitally-dependent society.Due to empirical data constraints, there has been limited research on internetservice disruptions during extreme weather events. To bridge this gap, thisstudy utilizes observational datasets on internet performance to quantitativelyassess extent of internet disruption during two recent extreme weather events.Taking Harris County in United States as study region, we jointly analyzed thehazard severity and the associated internet disruptions in two extreme weatherevents. The results show that hazard events significantly impacted regionalinternet connectivity. There exists a pronounced temporal synchronicity betweenmagnitude of disruption and hazard severity: as severity of hazardsintensifies, internet disruptions correspondingly escalate, and eventuallyreturn to baseline levels post-event. Spatial analyses show internet servicedisruptions can happen even in areas not directly impacted by hazards,demonstrating that repercussions of hazards extend beyond immediate area ofimpact. This interplay of temporal synchronization and spatial varianceunderscores complex relationships between hazard severity and Internetdisruption. Socio-demographic analysis suggests vulnerable communities, alreadygrappling with myriad challenges, face exacerbated service disruptions duringhazard events, emphasizing the need for prioritized disaster mitigationstrategiesfor improving the resilience of internet services. To the best of ourknowledge, this research is among the first studies to examine the Internetdisruptions during hazardous events using a quantitative observational dataset.Insights obtained hold significant implications for city administrators,guiding them towards more resilient and equitable infrastructure planning.

Digital Divide in Disasters: Investigating Spatial and Socioeconomic Disparities in Internet Service Disruptions During Extreme Weather Events