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Measurements of chemical abundances in high-$z$ star-forming (SF) galaxiesplace important constraints on the enrichment history of massive stars and thephysical conditions in the early universe. JWST is beginning to enable directchemical abundance measurements in galaxies at $z$$>$2 via the detection of thefaint T$_e$-sensitive auroral line [O III]$\lambda$4363. However, directabundances of other elements (e.g., S and Ar) in high-$z$ galaxies remainunconstrained due to a lack of T$_e$ data and wavelength coverage. Here, wepresent multiple direct abundances in D40, a galaxy at $z$$\sim$3 observed withJWST/NIRSpec as part of the CECILIA program. We report the first simultaneousmeasurement of T$_e$[O III] and T$_e$[S III] in a high-$z$ galaxy, finding goodagreement with the temperature trends in local SF systems and photoionizationmodels. We measure a gas-phase metallicity of 12+log(O/H) $=8.16\pm0.05$ dex,and an N/O abundance indicative of primary nucleosynthesis. The S/O abundancein D40 is slightly sub-solar but consistent with local H II regions. Incontrast, the log(Ar/O) in D40 is $-$2.71$\pm$0.09 dex, sub-solar by$>$2$\sigma$. The [Ar III]$\lambda$7135 intensities of D40 and other CECILIAgalaxies are similar to those of local SF systems with Ar-deficientinterstellar media, suggesting that low gas-phase Ar abundance is common inhigh-$z$ galaxies. Recent nucleosynthesis models find that Ar is produced inType Ia supernovae: if low Ar/O is consistently observed in high-$z$ SFgalaxies, it would provide further observational evidence that early galaxiesare enriched primarily by core-collapse supernovae, which produce enhanced Orelative to Ar and Fe.

CECILIA: Direct O, N, S, and Ar Abundances in Q2343-D40, a Galaxy at $z\sim$3