English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Aqueous foams coarsen with time due to gas diffusion through the liquid. Themean bubble size grows, and small bubbles vanish. However, coarsening is littleunderstood for foams with an intermediate liquid content, particularly in thepresence of surfactant-induced attractive forces between the bubbles, measuredby the contact angle. Rigorous bubble growth laws have yet to be developed, andthe evolution of bulk foam properties is unclear. We present a quasi-staticnumerical model for coarsening in two-dimensional wet foams, focusing on growthlaws and related bubble properties. The deformation of bubbles is modelledusing a finite-element approach, and the gas flow through both films andPlateau borders is approximated. We give results for disordered two-dimensionalwet foams with 256 to 1024 bubbles, at liquid fractions from $2\%$ to beyondthe zero-contact-angle jamming transition, and with contact angles up to$10^\circ$. Simple analytical models are developed to aid interpretation. Wefind that nonzero contact angle causes a proxy of the initial coarsening rateto plateau at large liquid fractions, and that the individual bubble growthrates are closely related to their effective number of neighbours.

Effects of liquid fraction and contact angle on structure and coarsening in two-dimensional foams