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We present our analysis of VLT/UVES and X-shooter observations of six verymetal-poor stars, including four stars at around [Fe/H]=-3 in the Fornax andCarina dwarf spheroidal galaxies (dSph). Until now, this metallicity range inthese two galaxies was either hardly or not yet investigated. The chemicalabundances of 25 elements are presented, based on 1D/LTE model atmospheres. Wediscuss the different elemental groups, and find that alpha- and iron-peakelements in these two systems are generally in good agreement with the MilkyWay halo at the same metallicity. Our analysis reveals that none of the sixstars we studied exhibit carbon enhancement, which is noteworthy given theprevalence of carbon-enhanced metal-poor (CEMP-no; no Ba enhancement) stars inthe Galaxy at similarly low metallicities. Our compilation of literature datashows that the fraction of CEMP-no stars in dSphs is significantly lower thanin the Milky Way, and than in ultra faint dwarf galaxies. Furthermore, wereport the discovery of the lowest metallicity, [Fe/H]=-2.92, r-process rich(r-I) star in a dSph galaxy. This star, fnx_06_019, has [Eu/Fe]=+0.8, and alsoshows enhancement of La, Nd, and Dy, [X/Fe]>+0.5. Our new data in Carina andFornax help to populate the extremely low metallicity range in dSph galaxies,and add onto the evidence of a low fraction of CEMP-no stars in these systems.

Extremely metal-poor stars in the Fornax and Carina dwarf spheroidal galaxies