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Numerous sky background subtraction techniques have been developed since thefirst implementations of computer-based reduction of spectra. Kurtz & Mink(2000) described a singular value decomposition-based method which allowed themto subtract night sky background from multi-fiber spectroscopic observationswithout any additional sky observations. We hereby take this approach one stepfurther with usage of non-negative matrix factorization instead of principalcomponent analysis and generalize it to 2D spectra. This allows us to generateapproximately 10 times as many valid eigenspectra because of non-negativity. Weapply our method to short-slit spectra of low-mass galaxies originating fromintermediate-resolution Echelle spectrographs (ESI at Keck, MagE at Magellan,X-Shooter at the VLT) when sources fill the entire slit. We demonstrate itsefficiency even when no offset sky observations were collected.

Non-negative matrix factorization approach to sky subtraction for optical spectroscopy