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Beamforming is a powerful tool for physical layer security, as it can be usedfor steering signals towards legitimate receivers and away from eavesdroppers.An active eavesdropper, however, can interfere with the pilot phase that thetransmitter needs to acquire the channel knowledge necessary for beamforming.By doing so, the eavesdropper can make the transmitter form beams towards theeavesdropper rather than towards the legitimate receiver. To mitigate activeeavesdroppers, we propose VILLAIN, a novel channel estimator that uses secretpilots. When an eavesdropper interferes with the pilot phase, VILLAIN producesa channel estimate that is orthogonal to the eavesdropper's channel (in thenoiseless case). We prove that beamforming based on this channel estimatedelivers the highest possible signal power to the legitimate receiver withoutdelivering any signal power to the eavesdropper. Simulations show that VILLAINmitigates active eavesdroppers also in the noisy case.

Active Eavesdropper Mitigation via Orthogonal Channel Estimation