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This paper studies a secure cell-free integrated sensing and communication(ISAC) system, in which multiple ISAC transmitters collaboratively sendconfidential information to multiple communication users (CUs) and concurrentlyconduct target detection. Different from prior works investigatingcommunication security against potential information eavesdropping, we considerthe security of both communication and sensing in the presence of bothinformation and sensing eavesdroppers that aim to intercept confidentialcommunication information and extract target information, respectively. Towardsthis end, we optimize the joint information and sensing transmit beamforming atthese ISAC transmitters for secure cell-free ISAC. Our objective is to maximizethe detection probability over a designated sensing area while ensuring theminimum signal-to-interference-plus-noise-ratio (SINR) requirements at CUs. Ourformulation also takes into account the maximum tolerable signal-to-noise ratio(SNR) at information eavesdroppers for ensuring the confidentiality ofinformation transmission, and the maximum detection probability constraints atsensing eavesdroppers for preserving sensing privacy. The formulated securejoint transmit beamforming problem is highly non-convex due to the intricateinterplay between the detection probabilities, beamforming vectors, and SINRconstraints. Fortunately, through strategic manipulation and via applying thesemidefinite relaxation (SDR) technique, we successfully obtain the globallyoptimal solution to the design problem by rigorously verifying the tightness ofSDR. Furthermore, we present two alternative joint beamforming designs based onthe sensing SNR maximization over the specific sensing area and the coordinatedbeamforming, respectively. Numerical results reveal the benefits of ourproposed design over these alternative benchmarks.

Secure Cell-Free Integrated Sensing and Communication in the Presence of Information and Sensing Eavesdroppers