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Photonic integrated circuits (PICs) with rapid prototyping and reprogrammingcapabilities promise revolutionary impacts on a plethora of photonictechnologies. Here, we report direct-write and rewritable photonic circuits ona low-loss phase change material (PCM) thin film. Complete end-to-end PICs aredirectly laser written in one step without additional fabrication processes,and any part of the circuit can be erased and rewritten, facilitating rapiddesign modification. We demonstrate the versatility of this technique fordiverse applications, including an optical interconnect fabric forreconfigurable networking, a photonic crossbar array for optical computing, anda tunable optical filter for optical signal processing. By combining theprogrammability of the direct laser writing technique with PCM, our techniqueunlocks opportunities for programmable photonic networking, computing, andsignal processing. Moreover, the rewritable photonic circuits enable rapidprototyping and testing in a convenient and cost-efficient manner, eliminatethe need for nanofabrication facilities, and thus promote the proliferation ofphotonics research and education to a broader community.

Freeform Direct-write and Rewritable Photonic Integrated Circuits in Phase-Change Thin Films