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To prevent the unauthorised spread of radioactive materials, it is essentialto detect and monitor spent nuclear fuel. This paper investigates thefeasibility of using a detector based on transition edge superconductors tomonitor spent CANDU fuel in two distinct scenarios. The first of theseconsidered the monitoring of a CANSTOR container at the location of theGentilly-2 nuclear power plant. The fuel in a CANSTOR container is containedwithin baskets, which are then stored in tubes in the container. An individualdetector with a mass of 1 kg is not sensitive to the removal of a single basketfrom the container without an unfeasibly long monitoring time. When an entiretube in the container is emptied (equivalent to approximately 5% of the fuel inthe container), the results are improved. The second scenario examined thefeasibility of monitoring a single dry storage container (DSC) at the Pickeringsite. The DSCs are much smaller than a CANSTOR container and containapproximately 7.4 tonnes of spent fuel. The background due to the neutrinosfrom the nearby reactors at the Pickering site was also evaluated. It was foundthat monitoring DSC was unfeasible due to the high reactor neutrino background.Both studies utilized fuel that was 30 years old; monitoring a container loadedwith spent fuel that is younger would require a shorter monitoring time due tothe fuel's higher radioactivity.

Neutrino-based safeguards of CANDU spent fuel using superconducting detectors and the CE$\nu$NS interaction