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HD 148937 is a peculiar massive star (Of?p) with a strong magnetic field(1kG). The hourglass-shaped emission nebula NGC 6164/5 surrounds this star.This nebula is presumed to originate from episodic mass-loss events of thecentral O-type star, but the detailed formation mechanism is not yet wellunderstood. Grasping its three-dimensional structure is essential to uncoverthe origin of this nebula. Here we report the high-resolution multi-objectspectroscopic observation of NGC 6164/5 using the GIRAFFE on the 8.2m VeryLarge Telescope. Integrated intensity maps constructed from several spectrallines delineate well the overall shape of this nebula, such as the two brightlobes and the inner gas region. The position-velocity diagrams show that thetwo bright lobes are found to be redshifted and blueshifted, respectively,while the inner region has multiple layers. We consider a geometric modelcomposed of a bilateral outflow harboring nitrogen-enriched knots and expandinginner shells. Its spectral features are then simulated by using a Monte-Carloradiative transfer technique for different sets of velocities. Someposition-velocity diagrams from simulations are very similar to the observedones. According to the model that best reproduces the observational data, thetwo bright lobes and the nitrogen-enriched knots are moving away from HD 148937at about 120 km s$^{-1}$. Their minimum kinematic age is estimated to be about7,500 years. We discuss possible formation mechanisms of this nebula in thecontext of binary interaction.

A Morpho-Kinematic Study of the Enigmatic Emission Nebula NGC 6164/5 Surrounding the Magnetic O-type Star HD 148937