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In this work, we provide a comprehensive overview of the microwave-inducedmanipulation of electronic spin states in negatively charged group-IV colorcenters in diamond with a particular emphasis on the influence of strain.Central to our investigation is the consideration of the full vectorialattributes of the magnetic fields involved, which are a \textit{dc} field forlifting the degeneracy of the spin levels and an \textit{ac} field formicrowave control between two spin levels. We observe an intricateinterdependence between their spatial orientations, the externally appliedstrain, and the resultant efficacy in spin state control. In most work to datethe \textit{ac} and \textit{dc} magnetic field orientations have beeninsufficiently addressed, which has led to the conclusion that strain isindispensable for the effective microwave control of heavier group-IVvacancies, such as tin- and lead-vacancy color centers. In contrast, we findthat the alignment of the \textit{dc} magnetic field orthogonal to the symmetryaxis and the \textit{ac} field parallel to it can make the application ofstrain obsolete for effective spin manipulation. Furthermore, we explore theimplications of this field configuration on the spin's optical initialization,readout, and gate fidelities.

Efficient Microwave Spin Control of Negatively Charged Group-IV Color Centers in Diamond