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Developing accurate computational models of wildfire dynamics is increasinglyimportant due to the substantial and expanding negative impacts of wildfireevents on human health, infrastructure, and the environment. Wildfire spreadand emissions depend on a number of factors, including fuel type, environmentalconditions (moisture, wind speed, etc.) and terrain/location. However, therecurrently exist only a few experimental facilities that enable testing of theinterplay of these factors at length scales <1 m with carefully controlled andcharacterized boundary conditions and advanced diagnostics. Experimentsperformed at such facilities are required for informing and validatingcomputational models. Here we present the design and characterization of anovel tilting wind tunnel (the 'WindCline') for studying wildfire dynamics. TheWindCline is unique in that the entire tunnel platform is constructed to pivotaround a central axis, which enables sloping of the entire system withoutcompromising the quality of the flow properties. In addition, this facility hasa configurable design for the test section and diffuser to accommodate a suiteof advanced diagnostics to aid in the characterization of 1) the parametersneeded to establish boundary conditions and 2) flame properties and dynamics.The WindCline thus allows for measurement and control of several criticalwildfire variables and boundary conditions, especially at the small lengthscales important to the development of high fidelity computational simulations(10 - 100 cm). Computational modeling frameworks developed and validated underthese controlled conditions can expand understanding of fundamental combustionprocesses, promoting greater confidence when leveraging these processes incomplex combustion environments.

WindCline: Sloping Wind Tunnel for Characterizing Flame Behavior Under Variable Inclines and Wind Conditions