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Facilitating the ability to achieve logical qubit error rates below physicalqubit error rates, error correction is anticipated to play an important role inscaling quantum computers. While many algorithms require millions of physicalqubits to be executed with error correction, current superconducting qubitsystems contain only hundreds of physical qubits. One of the most promisingcodes on the superconducting qubit platform is the surface code, requiring arealistically attainable error threshold and the ability to perform universalfault-tolerant quantum computing with local operations via lattice surgery andmagic state injection. Surface code architectures easily generalize tosingle-chip planar layouts, however space and control hardware constraintspoint to limits on the number of qubits that can fit on one chip. Additionally,the planar routing on single-chip architectures leads to serialization ofcommuting gates and strain on classical decoding caused by large ancillapatches. A distributed multi-chip architecture utilizing the surface code canpotentially solve these problems if one can optimize inter-chip gates, managecollisions in networking between chips, and minimize routing hardware costs. Wepropose QuIRC, a superconducting Quantum Interface Routing Card for LatticeSurgery between surface code modules inside of a single dilution refrigerator.QuIRC improves scaling by allowing connection of many modules, increasesancilla connectivity of surface code lattices, and offers improvedtranspilation of Pauli-based surface code circuits. QuIRC employs in-situEntangled Pair (EP) generation protocols for communication. We explorepotential topological layouts of QuIRC based on superconducting hardwarefabrication constraints, and demonstrate reductions in ancilla patch size by upto 77.8%, and in layer transpilation size by 51.9% when compared to thesingle-chip case.

Co-Designed Superconducting Architecture for Lattice Surgery of Surface Codes with Quantum Interface Routing Card