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Because of their natural one-dimensional (1D) structure combined withintricate chiral variations, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) exhibit variousexceptional physical properties, such as ultrahigh electrical and thermalconductivity, exceptional mechanical strength, and chirality-dependentmetallicity. These properties make CNTs highly promising for diverseapplications, including field-effect transistors, sensors, photodetectors, andthermoelectric devices. While CNTs excel individually at the nanoscale, their1D and chiral nature can be lost on a macroscopic scale when they are randomlyassembled. Therefore, the alignment and organization of CNTs in macroscopicstructures is crucial for harnessing their full potential. In this review, weexplore recent advancements in understanding CNT alignment mechanisms,improving CNT aligning methods, and demonstrating macroscopically 1D propertiesof ordered CNT assemblies. We also focus on a newly discovered class of CNTarchitectures, combining CNT alignment and twisting mechanisms to createartificial radial and chiral CNT films at wafer scales. Finally, we summarizerecent developments related to aligned and chiral CNT films in optoelectronics,highlighting their unique roles in solar cells, thermal emitters, and opticalmodulators.

Macroscopically Self-Aligned and Chiralized Carbon Nanotubes: From Filtration to Innovation