English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Despite mounting evidence that women in foreign policy often bear the bruntof online hostility, the extent of online gender bias against diplomats remainsunexplored. This paper offers the first global analysis of the treatment ofwomen diplomats on social media. Introducing a multidimensional andmultilingual methodology for studying online gender bias, it focuses on threecritical elements: gendered language, negativity in tweets directed atdiplomats, and the visibility of women diplomats. Our unique datasetencompasses ambassadors from 164 countries, their tweets, and the directresponses to these tweets in 65 different languages. Using automated contentand sentiment analysis, our findings reveal a crucial gender bias. The languagein responses to diplomatic tweets is only mildly gendered and largely pertainsto international affairs and, generally, women ambassadors do not receive morenegative reactions to their tweets than men, yet the pronounced discrepancy inonline visibility stands out as a significant form of gender bias. Womenreceive a staggering 66.4% fewer retweets than men. By unraveling theinvisibility that obscures women diplomats on social media, we hope to sparkfurther research on online bias in international politics.

Invisible Women in Digital Diplomacy: A Multidimensional Framework for Online Gender Bias Against Women Ambassadors Worldwide