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An active-sensing-based learning algorithm is proposed to solve thenear-field beam alignment problem with the aid of wavenumber-domain transformmatrices (WTMs). Specifically, WTMs can transform the antenna-domain channelinto a sparse representation in the wavenumber domain. The dimensions of WTMscan be further reduced by exploiting the dominance of line-of-sight (LoS)links. By employing these lower-dimensional WTMs as mapping functions, theactive-sensing-based algorithm is executed in the wavenumber domain, resultingin an acceleration of convergence. Compared with the codebook-based beamalignment methods, the proposed method finds the optimal beam pair in aping-pong fashion, thus avoiding high training overheads caused by beamsweeping. Finally, the numerical results validate the effectiveness of theproposed method.

Active-Sensing-Based Beam Alignment for Near Field MIMO Communications