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Nonlinear optical signals in optically driven quantum systems can revealcoherences and thereby open up the possibility for manipulation of quantumstates. While the limiting cases of ultrafast and continuous-wave excitationhave been extensively studied, the time-dynamics of finite pulses bearinteresting phenomena. In this paper, we explore the nonlinear optical probesignals of a two-level system excited with a laser pulse of finite duration. Inaddition to the prominent Mollow peaks, the probe spectra feature severalsmaller peaks for certain time delays. Similar features have been recentlyobserved for resonance fluorescence signals [arxiv:2305.15827 (2023)]. Wediscuss that the emergent phenomena can be explained by a combination of Mollowtriplet physics and perturbed free induction decay effects, providing aninsightful understanding of the underlying physics.

Unveiling the interplay of Mollow physics and perturbed free induction decay by nonlinear optical signals of a dynamically driven two-level system