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The past decade has seen tremendous progress in the production andutilization of vortex and vector laser pulses. Although both are considered asstructured light beams, the vortex lasers have helical phase fronts and phasesingularities, while the vector lasers have spatially variable polarizationstates and polarization singularities. In contrast to the vortex pulses thatcarry orbital angular momentum (OAM), the vector laser pulses have a complexspin angular momentum (SAM) and OAM coupling. Despite many potentialapplications enabled by such pulses, the generation of high-power/-intensityvortex and vector beams remains challenging. Here, we demonstrate using theoryand three-dimensional simulations that the strongly-coupled stimulatedBrillouin scattering (SC-SBS) process in plasmas can be used as a promisingamplification technique with up to 65% energy transfer efficiency from the pumpbeam to the seed beam for both vortex and vector pulses. We also show thatSC-SBS is strongly polarization-dependent in plasmas, enabling an all-opticalpolarization control of the amplified seed beam. Additionally, the interactionof such structured lasers with plasmas leads to various angular momentumcouplings and decouplings that produce intense new light structures withcontrollable OAM and SAM. This scheme paves the way for novel optical devicessuch as plasma-based amplifiers and light field manipulators.

Efficient generation and amplification of intense vortex and vector laser pulses via strongly coupled stimulated Brillouin scattering in plasmas