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This paper reviews the new highly interdisciplinary research field studyingthe behavior of condensed matter systems exposed to radiation. The paperhighlights several relevant examples of recent advances in the field andprovides a roadmap for the development of the field in the next decade.Condensed matter systems exposed to radiation may have very different natures,being inorganic, organic or biological, finite or infinite, be composed of manydifferent molecular species or materials, existing in different phases (solid,liquid, gaseous or plasma) and operating under different thermodynamicconditions. The essential and novel element of this research is that, despitethe vast diversity of such systems, many of the key phenomena related to thebehavior of irradiated systems (such as radiation-induced damage, mechanisms ofdamage repair and control, radiation protection, etc.) are very similar and canbe understood based on the same fundamental theoretical principles andcomputational approaches. One of the essential features of the aforementionedphenomena concerns their multiscale nature as the manifestation of theradiation-induced effects occurring at different spatial and temporal scalesranging from the atomic to the macroscopic. The multiscale nature of theeffects and similarity of their manifestation in systems of different originsnecessarily brings together different disciplines, such as physics, chemistry,biology, materials and nano-science, and biomedical research, demonstratingnumerous interlinks and commonalities between them. This research field ishighly relevant to many novel and emerging technologies and medicalapplications.

Condensed Matter Systems Exposed to Radiation: Multiscale Theory, Simulations, and Experiment