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The terahertz spectral region, which bridges between electronics and optics,is poised to play an important role in the development of transformativewireless communication and imaging systems with unprecedented functionality.Currently, a major challenge in terahertz technology is to develophigh-performance terahertz beam-forming devices that can dynamically shape theterahertz radiation in a flexible manner. Existing terahertz beam-formingdevices have limited coding bits, field-of-view, and beam gain. Here, weexperimentally demonstrate a reconfigurable liquid crystal-integrated terahertzmetasurface, with each metasurface unit cell being independently addressable.The metasurface has a 260{\deg} continuous phase tuning range with a devicethickness of only 1% of the free-space wavelength. We show that the terahertzwave diffracted from the metasurface can be steered towards a wide range ofdirections, covering a record-large 110{\deg} field-of-view with a peak gain of25 dBi. The metasurface also features a low power consumption and sub-secondswitching time. Furthermore, we demonstrate the formation of multiple terahertzbeams, with the direction of each beam and the power ratio between beamsadjustable on demand. The proposed liquid crystal metasurface possessescompelling prospects for future terahertz communication and imagingapplications.

Ultrathin liquid crystal metasurface for on-demand terahertz beam forming over 110{\deg} field-of-view