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Nanofiber surface coating is a promising method for the enhancement of heattransfer during spray cooling. In the present work, the drop dynamics as wellas local and overall heat transfer during single drop impact onto a heated wallcovered with a nanofiber mat are investigated to obtain insight into themechanisms governing the heat transport enhancement. The influence of wallsuperheat, drop impact velocity, and mat thickness on the hydrodynamics andheat transfer from the heated wall to the fluid is studied. Polyacrylonitrile(PAN) was electrospun on a heater surface to manufacture the nanofiber matcoatings. The experiments were conducted inside a temperature-controlled testcell with a pure vapor atmosphere maintained with refrigerant FC-72. Thetemperature field at the solid-fluid interface was observed with a high-speedinfrared camera, and the heat flux field was derived by solving athree-dimensional transient heat conduction equation within the substrate. Thepresence of the nanofiber mat on the heater surface suppresses the dropreceding phase due to the pinning of the contact line at the end of thespreading phase. Two different scenarios are observed depending on the wallsuperheat and drop impact velocity: scenario (I), in which the liquid droppenetrated the porous nanofiber mat and touches the heater surface; andscenario (II) in which the vapor produced inside the pores of the nanofiber matprevented the liquid drop from touching the heater surface. At a certain pointin time after impact, the energy transferred from the nanofiber-coated surfaceto the liquid exceeds that of the uncovered heater owing to the larger dropfootprint. If scenario (I) occurs, then the total transported heat increasessignificantly compared with the drop impact on a bare substrate.

Heat transport during drop impact onto a heated wall covered with an  electrospun nanofiber mat: The influence of wall superheat, impact velocity,  and mat thickness