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We posit that the distinct patterns observed in fermion masses and mixingsare due to a minimally broken $\mathrm{U}(2)_{q+e}$ flavor symmetry acting onleft-handed quarks and right-handed charged leptons, giving rise to anaccidental $\mathrm{U}(2)^5$ symmetry at the renormalizable level withoutimposing selection rules on the Weinberg operator. We show that the symmetrycan be consistently gauged by explicit examples and comment on realizations in$\mathrm{SU}(5)$ unification. Via a model-independent SMEFT analysis, we findthat selection rules due to $\mathrm{U}(2)_{q+e}$ enhance the importance ofcharged lepton flavor violation as a probe, where significant experimentalprogress is expected in the near future.

U(2) is Right for Leptons and Left for Quarks