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Topological spin textures in magnetic materials such as skyrmions andhopfions are interesting manifestations of geometric structures in realmaterials, concurrently having potential applications as information carriers.In the crystalline systems, the formation of these topological spin textures iswell understood as a result of the competition between interactions due tosymmetry breaking and frustration. However, in systems without translationsymmetry such as amorphous materials, a fundamental understanding of thedriving mechanisms of non-trivial spin structures is lacking owing to thestructural and interaction complexity in these systems. In this work, we use asuite of first-principles-based calculations to propose an ab initio spinHamiltonian that accurately represents the diversity of structural and magneticproperties in the exemplar amorphous FeGe. Monte Carlo simulations of ouramorphous Hamiltonian find emergent skyrmions that are driven by frustratedgeometric and magnetic exchange, consistent with those observed in experiment.Moreover, we find that the diversity of local structural motifs results in alarge range of exchange interactions, far beyond those found in crystallinematerials. Finally, we observe the formation of large-scale emergent structuresin amorphous materials, far beyond the relevant interaction length-scale in thesystems, suggesting a new route to emergent correlated phases beyond thecrystalline limit.

Ab initio amorphous spin Hamiltonian for the description of topological spin textures in FeGe