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Great progress has been made in the field of quantum inertial sensors, fromthe laboratory to the real-world use, which will ultimately require sensorminiaturization and ruggedization for dynamic motion. However, lateral atomicmovement with respect to the sensing axis limits inertial sensing, whichinspires the atom guides to ensure transverse atomic confinement. Compared to arelatively large free-space optical mode, an evanescent field (EF) mode with anadvantageously small mode area allows for stronger atom-light interactions andlower optical power requirements for the atom guides. We study EF atom guidesin nanofibers and waveguides with traveling evanescent waves, rather than EFoptical lattices with standing evanescent waves. Our preliminary demonstrationof an EF atom guide takes place on a nanofiber using 685 nm and 937 nm lights,and we experimentally show that the atomic coherence of the EF atom guide(685/937 nm) is similar to the EF optical lattice. By replacing the 685 nmlight with 793 nm light, we further demonstrate the sub-5mW EF atom guide(793/937 nm) on nanofibers and assess relative power reduction of 61$\%$ onnanofibers and 78$\%$ on membrane waveguides, compared to nanofibers (685/937nm), for the same optical potential depth. Power reduction is beneficial forreducing total optical power requirements and improving heat dissipation invacuum for atom guiding on chip-based membrane-photonic devices. To connectthis work with EF-guided atom interferometry, we evaluate the viability andpotential benefits of using the low-power light configuration on membranewaveguides, presenting fabricated linear and circular waveguides for futuredemonstrations. This is a promising step towards a chip-scale quantum inertialsensor array with reduced size, weight, and power.

A Sub-5mW Evanescent Field Atom Guide with Nanofibers towards Guided Atom Interferometry with Membrane Waveguides