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In the transition to net zero, it has been suggested that a massive expansionof the electric power grid will be required to support emerging renewableenergy zones. In this paper, we propose the use of battery-based feedbackcontrol and nonlinear negative imaginary systems theory to reduce the need forsuch an expansion by enabling the more complete utilization of existing gridinfrastructure. By constructing a novel Lur'e-Postnikov-like Lyapunov function,a stability result is developed for the feedback interconnection of a nonlinearnegative imaginary system and a nonlinear negative imaginary controller.Additionally, a new class of nonlinear negative imaginary controllers isproposed to deal with actuator saturation. We show that in this controlframework, the controller eventually leaves the saturation boundary, and thefeedback system is locally stable in the sense of Lyapunov. This providestheoretical support for the application of battery-based control in electricalpower systems. Validation through simulation results forsingle-machine-infinite-bus power systems supports our results. Our approachhas the potential to enable a transmission line to operate at its maximum powercapacity, as stability robustness is ensured by the use of a feedbackcontroller.

A Nonlinear Negative Imaginary Systems Framework with Actuator Saturation for Control of Electrical Power Systems