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We consider a scalar QED model for the frictional force and the momentumfluctuations of a polarizable particle in thermal equilibrium with radiation orin hyperbolic motion in a vacuum. In the former case the loss of particlekinetic energy due to the frictional force is compensated by the increase inkinetic energy associated with the momentum diffusion, resulting in the Planckdistribution when it is assumed that the average kinetic energy satisfies theequipartition theorem. For hyperbolic motion in vacuum the frictional force andthe momentum diffusion are similarly consistent with a thermal equilibrium atthe Davies-Unruh temperature. The quantum fluctuations of the momentum implythat it is only the average acceleration that is constant when the particle issubject to a constant applied force.

Scalar QED Model for Polarizable Particles in Thermal Equilibrium or in Hyperbolic Motion in Vacuum