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Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) involves diverse neurodevelopmental syndromeswith significant deficits in communication, motor behaviours, emotional andsocial comprehension. Often, individuals with ASD exhibit comorbid conditions,one of the most prevalent being depression characterized by a persistent changein mood and diminished interest in previously enjoyable activities. Due tocommunicative challenges and lack of appropriate assessments in individualswith ASD, comorbid depression can often go undiagnosed during routine clinicalexaminations, which may aggravate their problems. The current literature oncomorbid depression in adults with ASD is limited. Therefore, understanding theneural basis of the comorbid psychopathology of depression in ASD is crucialfor identifying objective brain-based markers for its timely and effectivemanagement. Towards this end, using structural MRI and phenotypic data from theAutism Brain Imaging Data Exchange II (ABIDE II) repository, we specificallyexamined the pattern of relationship regional grey matter volume (rGMV) haswith comorbid depression and autism severity within regions of a prioriinterest in adults with ASD (n = 44). The severity of comorbid depressioncorrelated negatively with the rGMV of the right thalamus. Additionally, asignificant interaction was evident between the severity of comorbid depressionand core ASD symptoms towards explaining the rGMV in the left cerebellum crusII. The whole-brain regional rGMV differences between ASD and typicallydeveloped (TD, n = 39) adults remained inconclusive. The results further theunderstanding of the neurobiological underpinnings of comorbid depression inadults with ASD and are relevant in exploring structural neuroimaging-basedbiomarkers in the same cohort.

Gray matter volume correlates of Comorbid Depression in Autism Spectrum Disorder