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We analyze the terahertz detection characteristics of resonant tunnelingdiodes (RTDs) using a set of simple equations that covers three detectionmodes; (i) direct detection, (ii) amplified detection, and (iii) self-homodyne(coherent) detection. (i) and (ii) are based on the square-law detection, and(iii) is on the homodyne detection with the RTD used as an injection-lockedlocal oscillator. The calculated results exhibit small- and large-signal areasdepending on irradiation power. In the small-signal area, the detection currentis proportional to irradiated power for (i) and (ii), and to square root ofirradiated power for (iii). The detection current has a peak at the biasvoltage at the boundary between (ii) and (iii). Effect of frequency fluctuationof irradiated wave is analyzed for (iii), and it is shown that the detectioncurrent is proportional to irradiated power if the fluctuation becomes widerthan injection-locking range. The analytical results in this paper reasonablyexplain the reported experiments.

Theoretical Analysis of Terahertz Detection of Resonant Tunneling Diodes