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We investigate the detectability of single-event coalescing black holebinaries with total mass of $100-600 M_{\odot}$ at cosmological distances ($5\lesssim z \lesssim 20$) with the next generation of terrestrial gravitationalwave observatories, specifically Einstein Telescope and Cosmic Explorer. Ourability to observe these binaries is limited by the low-frequency performanceof the detectors. Higher-order Multipoles of the gravitational wave signal areobservable in these systems, and detection of such multipoles serves to both bthe mass range over which black hole binaries are observable and improve therecovery of their individual masses and redshift. For high redshift systems of$\sim 200 M_{\odot}$ we will be able to confidently infer that the redshift isat least $z=12$, and for systems of $\sim 400 M_{\odot}$ we can infer a minimumredshift of at least $z=8$. We discuss the impact that these observations willhave in narrowing uncertainties on the existence of the pair-instabilitymass-gap, and their implications on the formation of the first stellar blackholes that could be seeds for the growth of supermassive black holes poweringhigh-$z$ quasars.

Identifying heavy stellar black holes at cosmological distances with next generation gravitational-wave observatories