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Quantum key distribution is costly and, at the moment, offers low performancein space applications. Other more recent protocols could offer a potentialpractical solution to this problem. In this work, a preliminary optical payloaddesign using commercial off-the-shelf elements for a quantum communicationdownlink in a 3U CubeSat is proposed. It is shown that this quantum stateemitter allows the establishment of two types of quantum communication betweenthe satellite and the ground station: quantum key distribution and quantumkeyless private communication. Numerical simulations are provided that show thefeasibility of the scheme for both protocols as well as their performance. Forthe simplified BB84, a maximum secret key rate of about 80 kHz and minimum QBERof slightly more than $0.07\ \%$ is found, at the zenith, while for quantumprivate keyless communication, a 700 MHz private rate is achieved. This designserves as a platform for the implementation of novel quantum communicationprotocols that can improve the performance of quantum communications in space.

Optical payload design for downlink quantum key distribution and keyless communication using CubeSats