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Finding solutions for better mixing in microfluidics remains an importantchallenge, including understanding fundamental aspects of these processes. Herewe investigate the magnetic micro-convection on water and miscible magneticfluid interface in a vertical microfluidic chip to understand what is the roleof gravity, as fluids have different densities. Our model is reduced to twodimensionless quantities - magnetic and gravitational Rayleigh numbers.Numerical simulation results show that static magnetic field generate richdynamics. This is confirmed quantitatively with careful experiments ininitially stagnant fluids. We also show that the length of resulting mixing islimited by gravity. For this we construct a master curve, exploiting themeasurements of critical field. A three-fluid layer model and linear stabilityanalysis on its interfaces allows us to explain the limitation mechanism. Ourresults can help in the development of instability based micromixers.

How gravity stabilises instability: the case of magnetic micro-convection