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It is well known that, for an incident light of not so high intensity and ina certain range of frequency, the stopping voltage of photoelectric effect isindependent of the intensity but dependent on the frequency of the light, whichis described by the equation $V = h\nu /e - {W_0}/e$, where $V$ is the stoppingvoltage, $h$ is the Planck constant, $\nu$ is the frequency of incident light,$e$ is the electron charge, and $W_0$ is the work function. It means that thelarger the frequency of incident light, the higher the stopping voltage is.However, the present experiment finds that for a non-monochromatic incidentlight, the stopping voltage is not determined by the maximum frequencycomponent of the incident light, but by the maximum center frequency of all thewave train components (with different center frequencies) involved in theincident light, that is to say, in the photon energy expression $h\nu$,physical quantity $\nu$ does not refer to the frequency of a monochromaticlight, but represents the center frequency of a wave train spectrum. Thespectral bandwidth of a wave train component can be as large as 122 nm invisible and near-infrared region. This should arouse more attention in thestudy of energy exchange between light and matter.

What is the meaning of physical quantity $\nu$ in the expression of photon energy $h\nu$?