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Randomness plays a pivotal role in modern online gaming, but disputes havearisen over the accuracy of stated winning chances, resulting in legal issuesand financial setbacks for gaming companies. Fortunately, blockchain-basedgames offer a solution to the transparency and fairness issue regardingrandomness. Furthermore, emerging blockchain technology like Sui Networkenhances the efficiency of smart contracts by eliminating traditional web3barriers, such as inefficiencies and expensive transaction fees. This unlocksthe potential for extensive decentralized gaming applications.  This paper aims to provide insights into designing a fair, verifiable, andefficient smart contract game on blockchain by the example of building raffleson the Sui Network. We explore efficient methods for implementing randomness onsmart contracts, including DRAND committee-based decentralized random beaconsand single private-key-based verifiable random functions (VRF). Then, progressfrom basic to comprehensive smart contract design. We addressed limitations indeveloping blockchain games in general, such as data input and storage spaceconstraints.  We propose corresponding solutions, encompassing the utilization of ObjectTables, Delegate Object Creation, and Zero-Knowledge Proofs (ZKP) to optimizestorage and input efficiency. After testing our designs, we found that thetransaction fees for DRAND beacons and private-key-based VRFs are similar.Moreover, Object Tables incur higher overall transaction fees, while the ZKPsetup fee is cheap but becomes very expensive during the verification process.Moreover, we identified suitable designs for different application scenarios bycomparing the pros and cons of different smart contract implementations. Ourfindings provide valuable guidance for future researchers and developers inbuilding random, fair, and verifiable games with smart contracts.

Building Random, Fair, and Verifiable Games on Blockchain. Raffle smart contract designs on Sui Network