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The temporal sidelobes of few-cycle pulses seriously restrict theirapplications in ultrafast science. We propose a unique mechanism that enablesthe generation of sub-two-cycle pulses with high temporal quality based onsoliton self-cleaning in air-plasma channels. A robust spatiotemporal solitoncould be formed from pulse self-compression by modulating the dispersion of theair-plasma channel via the adjusted plasma density. Due to ionization, theblue-shifted soliton with a larger group velocity captures the leadingsidelobes whereas the plasma generated by the soliton defocuses the trailingsidelobes, which are eventually eliminated after a long-distance propagation.The self-cleaning of spatiotemporal soliton leads to no sidelobes in thetemporal profile of the sub-two-cycle pulse. The required density of thepreformed plasma for arbitrary central wavelength from near-infrared tomid-infrared regime is predicted theoretically and confirmed by (3D+1)simulations.

Generation of high quality sub-two-cycle pulses by self-cleaning of spatiotemporal solitons in air-plasma channels