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In the cuprates, the opening of a d-wave superconducting (SC) gap isaccompanied by a redistribution of spectral weight at energies two orders ofmagnitude larger than this gap. This indicates the importance to the pairingmechanism of on-site electronic excitations, such as orbital transitions orcharge transfer excitations. Here, we resort to a three-pulse pump-probe schemeto study the broadband non-equilibrium dielectric function in optimally-doped$Bi_2Sr_2Ca_{0.92}Y_{0.08}Cu_2O_{8+{\delta}}$ and we identify two distinctdynamical responses: i) a blueshift of the central energy of an interbandexcitation peaked at 2 eV and ii) a change in spectral weight in the sameenergy range. Photoexcitation with near-IR and mid-IR pulses, with photonenergies respectively above and below the SC gap, reveals that the transientchanges in the central energy are not modified by the onset ofsuperconductivity and do not depend on the pump photon energy. Conversely, thespectral weight dynamics strongly depends on the pump photon energy and has adiscontinuity at the critical temperature. The picture that emerges is that,while high-energy pulses excite quasiparticles in both nodal and thermallyinaccessible antinodal states, photoexcitation by low-energy pulses mostlyaccelerates the condensate and creates excitations predominantly at the nodesof the SC gap. These results, rationalized by kinetic equations for d-wavesuperconducting gaps, indicate that dynamical control of the momentum-dependentdistribution of non-thermal quasiparticles may be achieved by the selectivetuning of the photoexcitation.

Dynamics of non-thermal states in optimally-doped $Bi_2Sr_2Ca_{0.92}Y_{0.08}Cu_2O_{8+{\delta}}$ revealed by mid-infrared three-pulse spectroscopy