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The coupling of electronic and nuclear motion in polyatomic molecules is atthe heart of attochemistry. The molecular properties, transient structures andreaction mechanism of these many-body quantum objects are defined on the levelof electrons and ions by molecular wave functions and their coherentsuperposition, respectively. In the present contribution we monitornonadiabatic quantum wave packet dynamics during molecular charge motion byreconstructing both, the oscillatory charge density distribution and thecharacteristic time-dependent nuclear configuration coordinate fromtime-resolved Auger electron spectroscopic data recorded in previous studies onglycine molecules [Sci. Adv. 2022, 8, eabn6848]. The electronic and nuclearmotion on the femtosecond timescale was induced and probed in kinematicallycomplete soft x-ray experiments at the FLASH free-electron laser facility. Thedetailed analysis of amplitude, instantaneous phase and instantaneous frequencyof the propagating many-body wave packet during its lifecycle providesunprecedented insight into dynamical processes beyond the Born-Oppenheimerapproximation. We are confident that the refined experimental data evaluationhelps to develop new theoretical tools to describe time-dependent molecularwave functions in complicated, but ubiquitous, non-Born-Oppenheimerphotochemical conditions.

Coupled Electron-Nuclear Dynamics Induced and Monitored with Femtosecond Soft X-ray Pulses in the Amino Acid Glycine