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Ultralight axion (ULA) can be one of the potential candidates for darkmatter. The extremely low mass of the ULA can lead to a de Broglie wavelengtharound galaxy-size, and result in a suppression of the structure growth atsmall scales. This allows us to study its properties via galaxy surveys forprobing cosmic structure formation. In this work, we forecast the constraint onthe ULA particle mass $m_{\text{a}}$ and relative fraction to dark matter$f_{\text{a}} = \Omega_{\text{a}}/\Omega_{\text{d}}$ for the forthcoming StageIV space-based optical survey equipment $\it{CSST}$ (China Space StationTelescope). We focus on the $\it{CSST}$ cosmic shear and galaxy clusteringphotometric surveys, and forecast the measurements of shear, galaxy, andgalaxy-galaxy lensing power spectra (i.e. 3$\times$2pt). The effects ofneutrino, baryonic feedback, and uncertainties of intrinsic alignment, shearcalibration, galaxy bias, and photometric redshift are also included in theanalysis. After performing a joint constraint on all the cosmological andsystematical parameters using Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) technique, weobtain a lower limit of the ULA particle mass$\text{log}_{10}(m_{\text{a}}/\text{eV}) \geqslant -22.5$ and an upper limit ofthe ULA fraction $f_{\text{a}} \leqslant 0.83$ at 95\% confidence level, and$\text{log}_{10}(m_{\text{a}}/\text{eV}) \geqslant -21.9$ with $f_{\text{a}}\leqslant 0.77$ when ignoring the baryonic feedback. We find that the CSSTphotometric surveys can improve the constraint on the ULA mass by about oneorder of magnitude, compared to the current constraints using the same kind ofobservational data.

Constraining Ultralight Axions with CSST Weak Gravitational Lensing and Galaxy Clustering Photometric Surveys