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Photonic spin-orbit (SO) coupling is an important physical mechanism leadingto numerous interesting phenomena in the systems of microcavity photons andexciton-polaritons. We report the effect of SO coupling in a tunableopen-access microcavity embedded with anisotropic active media. The SO couplingassociated with the TE-TM splitting results in an emergent anisotropy, whichfurther leads to fine energy splittings allowing clear observation of the fullset of eigenstates, in sharp contrast with the isotropic situation which leadsto the isotropic eigenstates of spin vortices. We show that the photonicpotential can be engineered by playing with the relation between the emergentanisotropy and the cavity ellipticity. All the experimental results are wellreproduced by the degenerate perturbation theory. Our results constitute asignificant extension to the research field of microcavity spinoptronics, withpotential applications in polarization control and optical property measurementof photonic devices and materials.

Effective potential engineering by emergent anisotropy in a tunable open-access microcavity