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Autonomous vehicles (AVs) hold vast potential to enhance transportationsystems by reducing congestion, improving safety, and lowering emissions. AVcontrols lead to emergent traffic phenomena; one such intriguing phenomenon istraffic breaks (rolling roadblocks), where a single AV efficiently stabilizesmultiple lanes through frequent lane switching, similar to the highwaypatrolling officers weaving across multiple lanes during difficult trafficconditions. While previous theoretical studies focus on single-lanemixed-autonomy systems, this work proposes a stability analysis framework formulti-lane systems under AV controls. Casting this problem into the hybridsystem paradigm, the proposed analysis integrates continuous vehicle dynamicsand discrete jumps from AV lane-switches. Through examining the influence ofthe lane-switch frequency on the system's stability, the analysis offers aprincipled explanation to the traffic break phenomena, and further discoversopportunities for less-intrusive traffic smoothing by employing less frequentlane-switching. The analysis further facilitates the design of traffic-aware AVlane-switch strategies to enhance system stability. Numerical analysis revealsa strong alignment between the theory and simulation, validating theeffectiveness of the proposed stability framework in analyzing multi-lanemixed-autonomy traffic systems.

Hybrid System Stability Analysis of Multi-Lane Mixed-Autonomy Traffic