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A Bilayer of semiconducting 2D electronic systems has long been a versatileplatform to study electronic correlation with tunable interlayer tunneling,Coulomb interactions and layer imbalance. In the natural graphite bilayer,Bernal-stacked bilayer graphene (BBG), the Landau level gives rise to anintimate connection between the valley and layer. Adding a moire superlatticepotential enriches the BBG physics with the formation of topological minibands,potentially leading to tunable exotic quantum transports. Here, we presentmagnetotransport measurements of a high-quality bilayer graphene-hexagonalboron nitride (hBN) heterostructure. The zero-degree alignment generates astrong moire superlattice potential for the electrons in BBG and the resultingLandau fan diagram of longitudinal and Hall resistance displays a Hofstadterbutterfly pattern with an unprecedented level of detail. We demonstrate thatthe intricate relationship between valley and layer degrees of freedom controlsthe topology of moire-induced bands, significantly influencing the energeticsof interacting quantum phases in the BBG superlattice. We further observesignatures of field-induced correlated insulators and clear fractionalquantizations of interaction driven topological quantum phases, such asfractional Chern insulators. Our results highlight the BBG/hBN heterostructureas an ideal platform for studying the delicate interplay between topology andelectron correlation.

Interplay of valley, layer and band topology towards interacting quantum phases in bilayer graphene moire superlattice