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In this paper, we investigate a practical structure of reconfigurableintelligent surface (RIS)-based double spatial scattering modulation (DSSM) formillimeter-wave (mmWave) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. Asuboptimal detector is proposed, in which the beam direction is firstdemodulated according to the received beam strength, and then the remaininginformation is demodulated by adopting the maximum likelihood algorithm. Basedon the proposed suboptimal detector, we derive the conditional pairwise errorprobability expression. Further, the exact numerical integral and closed-formexpressions of unconditional pairwise error probability (UPEP) are derived viatwo different approaches. To provide more insights, we derive the upper boundand asymptotic expressions of UPEP. In addition, the diversity gain of theRIS-DSSM scheme was also given. Furthermore, the union upper bound of averagebit error probability (ABEP) is obtained by combining the UPEP and the numberof error bits. Simulation results are provided to validate the derived upperbound and asymptotic expressions of ABEP. We found an interesting phenomenonthat the ABEP performance of the proposed system-based phase shift keying isbetter than that of the quadrature amplitude modulation. Additionally, theperformance advantage of ABEP is more significant with the increase in thenumber of RIS elements.

Performance Analysis of RIS-Aided Double Spatial Scattering Modulation for mmWave MIMO Systems