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Funding acknowledgments are important objects of study in the context ofscience funding. This study uses a mixed-methods approach to analyze thefunding acknowledgments found in 2.3 million scientific publications publishedbetween 2008 and 2021 by authors affiliated with research institutions locatedin the Middle Eastern and North Africa (MENA). The aim is to identify the majorfunders, assess their contribution to national scientific publications, andgain insights into the funding mechanism in relation to collaboration andpublication. Publication data from the Web of Science is examined to providekey insights about funding activities. Saudi Arabia and Qatar lead the region,as about half of their publications include acknowledgments to funding sources.Most MENA countries exhibit strong linkages with foreign agencies, mainly dueto a high level of international collaborations. The distinction betweendomestic and international publications reveals some differences in terms offunding structures. For instance, Turkey and Iran are dominated by one or twomajor funders whereas a few other countries like Saudi Arabia showcase multiplefunders. Iran and Kuwait are examples of countries where research is mainlyfunded by domestic funders. The government and academic sectors mainly fundscientific research in MENA whereas the industry sector plays little or no rolein terms of research funding. Lastly, the qualitative analyses provide morecontext into the complex funding mechanism. The findings of this studycontribute to a better understanding of the funding structure in MENA countriesand provide insights to funders and research managers to evaluate the fundinglandscape.

Research Funding in the Middle East and North Africa: Analyses of  Acknowledgments in Scientific Publications indexed in the Web of Science  (2008-2021)