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Being able to identify functions of interest in cross-architecture softwareis useful whether you are analysing for malware, securing the software supplychain or conducting vulnerability research. Cross-Architecture Binary CodeSimilarity Search has been explored in numerous studies and has used a widerange of different data sources to achieve its goals. The data sourcestypically used draw on common structures derived from binaries such as functioncontrol flow graphs or binary level call graphs, the output of the disassemblyprocess or the outputs of a dynamic analysis approach. One data source whichhas received less attention is binary intermediate representations. BinaryIntermediate representations possess two interesting properties: they are crossarchitecture by their very nature and encode the semantics of a functionexplicitly to support downstream usage. Within this paper we propose Functionas a String Encoded Representation (FASER) which combines long documenttransformers with the use of intermediate representations to create a modelcapable of cross architecture function search without the need for manualfeature engineering, pre-training or a dynamic analysis step. We compare ourapproach against a series of baseline approaches for two tasks; A generalfunction search task and a targeted vulnerability search task. Our approachdemonstrates strong performance across both tasks, performing better than allbaseline approaches.

FASER: Binary Code Similarity Search through the use of Intermediate Representations