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The paper proposes a new approach to minimize the number of relays whilemaximizing the lifetime of underwater acoustic sensor networks (UASNs). Thisinvolves formulating the relay node placement (RNP) problem as amulti-objective optimization problem and employing the multi-objectivelexico-graphic method (MOLM) to solve it. To achieve the optimal solution, theMOLM consists of two steps. First, the problem of lifetime maximization istackled to find RNP solutions. This transforms the RNP into a non-convexoptimization problem which is then converted into a convex programmingequivalent. The proposed method has the same computational complexity asprevious relay-node adjustment (RA) and difference convex algorithm (DCA)methods. The second step introduces a novel relay node selection to reach theoptimal number of relays. Simulation results demonstrate that it has superiornetwork lifetime and efficiency compared to RA and DCA.

Joint Network Lifetime Maximization and Relay Selection Design in Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks