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Alkaline fens are known to be wetlands that host large quantities of carbon,but also a huge biodiversity. However, anthropic pressures are degrading thepeatlands with drainage, and conversion to agriculture or urbanization. Thesepressures induce externalities like a large release of greenhouse gas (GHG) bypeat mineralization, and a loss of biodiversity, since they host numerousprotected or endangered species. One of them is the Liparis loeselii, a smallorchid facing declines in Europe and for which conservation measures are taken.Nevertheless, if recent studies inferred some factors shaping its populationdynamics, they are still not clearly understood, particularly in fen contexts.This study aims at disentangle the processes shaping a continental populationof L. loeselii in the Somme valley, among factors related to the hydrology ofthe site and the elevation of the individuals. We used Bayesian generalizedlinear models to infer the seasonal water level effects on the presence of L.loeselii. Moreover, we showed that the elevation of L. loeselii population isaround the mean water levels of winter, and that the occurrence can be promotedby water level, notably in summer. Conversely, the highest water levelsreported seemed detrimental to the L. loeselii population, suggesting aprobably negative effect of flooding acting on local dispersal. Finally, thisstudy provides insights to take restoration measures of alkaline fens, like abetter hydrological functioning and an optimal water management.

Improving alkaline fen functioning and Liparis loeselii (L.) Rich., 1817 preservation: towards a better water level management