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Using an $e^+ e^-$ collision data sample of $(10087 \pm 44)\times10^6~J/\psi$ events taken at the center-of-mass energy of $3.097~\rm{GeV}$ by theBESIII detector at the BEPCII collider, the process $\Lambda+N \rightarrow\Sigma^+ + X$ is studied for the first time employing a novel method. The$\Sigma^{+}$ hyperons are produced by the collisions of $\Lambda$ hyperons from$J/\psi$ decays with nuclei in the material of the BESIII detector. The totalcross section of $\Lambda + ^{9}{\rm Be} \rightarrow \Sigma^+ + X$ is measuredto be $\sigma = (37.3 \pm 4.7 \pm 3.5)~{\rm mb}$ at $\Lambda$ beam momentawithin $[1.057, 1.091]~{\rm GeV}/c$, where the uncertainties are statisticaland systematic, respectively. This analysis is the first study of$\Lambda$-nucleon interactions at an $e^+ e^-$ collider, providing informationand constraints relevant for the strong-interaction potential, the origin ofcolor confinement, the unified model for baryon-baryon interactions, and theinternal structure of neutron stars.

First measurement of $\Lambda N$ inelastic scattering with $\Lambda$ from $e^{+} e^{-} \rightarrow J/\psi \to \Lambda \bar{\Lambda}$