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Trapped-ion applications, such as in quantum information, precisionmeasurements, optical clocks, and mass spectrometry, rely on specializedhigh-performance ion traps. The latter applications typically employtraditional machining to customize macroscopic 3D Paul traps, while quantuminformation processing experiments usually rely on photo-lithographictechniques to miniaturize the traps and meet scalability requirements. Usingphotolithography, however, it is challenging to fabricate the complexthree-dimensional electrode structures required for optimal confinement. Herewe address these limitations by adopting a high-resolution 3D printingtechnology based on two-photon polymerization supporting fabrication of largearrays of high-performance miniaturized 3D traps. We show that 3D-printed iontraps combine the advantages of traditionally machined 3D traps with theminiaturization provided by photolithography by confining single calcium ionsin a small 3D-printed ion trap with radial trap frequencies ranging from 2 MHzto 24 MHz. The tight confinement eases ion cooling requirements and allows usto demonstrate high-fidelity coherent operations on an optical qubit after onlyDoppler cooling. With 3D printing technology, the design freedom is drasticallyexpanded without sacrificing scalability and precision so that ion trapgeometries can be optimized for higher performance and better functionality.

3D-Printed Micro Ion Trap Technology for Scalable Quantum Information Processing